Dock structure.



J. F. JACkSC-N. DOCK STRUCTURE.

APPLICATION HLED APR.20. [9!]. 1,192,784.

lutentod Jul 25, 19145.

J. F. JACKSON.

Patented Jul '35, 19143.

4 SHEETS SHEH 2 i lti P h? MW. 1 lvllzlilluu J. F. JACKSON.

DOCK STRUCTURE, APPLICATION FILED APR.20, 1911:

Pntentvd July 25, 1918.

4 SHEETS--SHEIIT 3 F. EACKSL- DOCK STRJCTU' APPUCAHOR HLL'I) APR.

20. l'3ll.

Patented July 25, mm.

TED 's'm'rns AT OFFICE.

JOHN F. JACKSON, OF MILVIAUKEE, \VI fiCONSIN, ASSIGNOR TO WISCONSIN BRIDGE 8r, IRONCOMPANY, OF MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN, A CORPORATION OF. WISCONSIN.

DOCK STRUCTURE.

'10 an whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN F. Jacxsox, a citizen of the United States, residing at Milwaukee, in the county of l\'lilwaukec and State of \Viscons'in, have in nted new and useful Improvements in I)OCkStl'tl\/: ="'es, of which the following is a ful1, clear, concise, and exact description, reference heing had to the accompanying drawing,'forming a part of this specification. I I

My invention relates to dock structures and the like.

In the form which I shall descrihe in this application it especially relates to docks used in the transfer of ore, crushed stone, coal or other hulk niaterialsto ships, out my invention is in no wise lim'ited to this torni and may obviously assume other forms and he used in various other relations. i

In those docks used in the transfer of hulk materials'fi'om the land to a ship it is usual to provide a long pierniounlcd on piliug' or other form of substructure and extending sufficiently far into the w ater'to permit the vessels'to he loaded to he inoored alongside of sa'meI Tracks are provided on the top of the dock so that ore or other cars may he run out. on the same"and dumped into pockets provided in the dock structure beneath the tracks, from which the ore, etc,

mayhe transferred to the shipswhen desired by means "of suitable chutes pivoted opposite the mouth of each pocket,- In a preferred .form of construction these pockets are provided on both sides ofthe dock and the chutes are adapted toh operated either singlyor collectively'so that two or more vessels may he loaded simultaneously it"desired. In addition to their function in, the transfer of materials, these pockets perform an important function in providing! a suitahle storage place for the mz'terials between .the times when the vessels are loaded) and in this way serve to materially reduce the time which a car is required to remain loaded, andtherefore the number of cars requiredas well as the time that the ships are required to remain idle while loading. When it is considered that some of these docks are over 1000 feet in length and have on each side a hundred pockets'or more with a total capacity of over 60,000 tons of or for instance, that each of 'the' two'hund'red chutes weighs in the neighborhood of four tons, that there is a stress upon the dock when each chute is operated Specification of Letters Patent. Patented J ly 25 191 Application filed April 20, 1911.

Serial No. 622,246

and when each car is run out upon the same,

-'and that during the loading and unloading est possible time.

The object of my invention is to provide an improved dock of maximum capacity which will be sufficiently strong to withstand all of the stresses to which it maybe subjected in service, and which will discharge its load thoroughly,-quickly and with the greatest facility.

In order to illustrate the principle of my' invention I have in'the accompanying views shown one fornrwhich itmayassume in practice. My invention isfnot, however, limited to this specific form butinay assume many forms all of which fall within the scope and forethought of my improvement.

' Figure l shows. .a top plan view of a por.

tion of a dock. Fig. 2. shows a vertical sectional viewon line 2 2 of Fig.1, Fig. 3

shows a partial sectional view on line 33 of Fig. Fig. i shows a side elevation of one of the pockets and the doors and ehute. tor the same. Fis Sshowg a sectional view of one of the pockets and the chute. Fig. 6

shows a sectional view of one of the door frames on line (il,i of Fig.5. Fig s. Tancl 8 show detail views of portions of-the steel frame work. Figs. 9 and 10 show detail views of the chute on linese9 9 and lQ 1O respectively of Fig.5.

In Figs. 1 and 2,1 have shown the. dock. structure to consist of a steel and concrete superstructure resting uponva seriesiof pilesdriven in the harbor bed. The steel work of this superstructure may be. built complete before'anyof the concrete work is done. This superstructure consists of two series of parallelcolumnssupporting steel pockets on, each side of thedock. Tracks are provided on the top of the pockets so that cars may be run out and dumped into the same. Each of these pockets has a slant- 'ing at the base of the pocket.

columns are cut off at right angles.

doors adapted to open or close a chute open- Pivoted at the sides of each pair of doors is a chute for conveying the material from a pocket to the hold of a ship, which is raised and lowered by suitable operating machinery through a cable, and counterbalanced in all its posi- 'tions by a counterbalance.

The substructure of the dock may be of any desired form. For instance suitable piles 1 of any-desired type may be sunk in the bed of the harbor to form an oblong pier of a sufficient length to enable the desired number of ships to be moored alongside the same. These piles are suitably banked as at 2, and are braced by angularly disposed bracin piles 3. Resting upon the upper ends 0 these piles is a suitable concrete foundation 4 which is provided with suitable mooring walls 5 at the sides which carry suitable mooring posts 6 at any desired intervals so that the vessels may be moored to the dock in proper positions.

The entire steel framework of a dock constructed in accordance with my invention may be built prior to the placing of any of the concrete. I will therefore first describe this steel work. Upon the top of the concrete foundation 4 two longitudinally extending series of parallel transversely disposed concretc bases 7 and 8 are provided, these bases being suitably spaced apart transversely by any desired distance. Near the ends of each base are Terected two vertical structural steel columns 9 and 10 on the outer and inner ends of the base respectively. The columns are constructed of structural steel angle irons 11 suitably braced by diagonal "steel bars 12 riveted 'to the angle irons 11 as at 13. The outer columns 9 are shorter than the inner columns 10, and the upper ends of the outer columns are cut oil obliquely, while the upper ends of the inner The columns on each base are connected at suitable points between their ends by structural steel struts 14 suitably riveted to the columns and of a similar construction to the columns. The adjacentcolumns 9 and 10 in each of the longitudinally extending series of columns mounted on the bases 7 and 8 are connected lon itudina-lly by simi- .lar structural steel stru s 15 riveted to the columns at suitable points. Each inner column 10 is also connected to the opposite column 10 at suitable points by structural steel struts 16 of a similar construction to the struts 14 and also riveted tothe columns. The tops of the columns on each base are connected by structural steel trusses 17 which are riveted to the sides of the columns 9 and 10 in such a position as to causetheir upper surface to lie fiush with the oblique top of the column 9, while the upper ends of the trusses do not extend beyond the tops crete is 'forme umns.

of the columns 10. In order that the col umns on opposite bases may be connected together I provide a second series of structural steel transversely disposed trusses 18, whose ends rest on the tops of the columns 10. In order to connect the adjacent trusses 17 longitudinally I provide a series offlat steel plates 19 which bridge the spaces between the trusses, and. are suitably fixed to each adjacent pair of trusses. These plates rest upon the oblique surfaces formed by the tops of the columns 9 and the tops'of the trusses 17 and their outer edges extend beyond the outer surfaces of the columns 9 by any desired amount. In order to connect 'the adjacent trusses 17' and 18 longitudinally at points above the plate 19 I provide longitudinally extending steel rods 20 which rest upon the trusses 17 and 18. Suitably fixed to the trusses 17, the ends of the columns 10, and the trusses 18 are vertically disposed steel I beams 22 connected by transversely extending steel rods 23 at any desired points between their ends. These I beams constitute the framework of the walls of the pockets and their upper ends are cut off to provide a horizontal support for transversely disposed steel stringers 24 which carry longitudinally extending tracks 25. Between each of the sets of I beams 22, and on the sides of the dock are arranged curved steel bays 26 for the pockets.

I will now describe the concrete work which is adapted to be put in after the steel framework has been completed. Each column 9- and/10 is filled and incased with concrete as shown at 27 (see Fig. 3) and a vertical transversely disposed web 27 of conbetween each of these col- Each of the various struts 14, 15, and 16 is also filled and incased with concrete asat 28, 29 and 30 respectively. The transverse trusses 17 and 18 at the tops of the columns are also filled and incased with concrete to form girders 31. Between the and around the rods 20 is filled with concrete to form smooth oppositely slanting floors 32 of a triangular cross section, for the pockets on both sides of the dock. The I beams 22 and their reinforcing rods are incased in concrete to form diaphragm walls 33 for the pockets.

I will now refer to a more detailed de scription of the bays for the pockets. These bays are preferably constructed of. sheet steel and are preferably semi-circular in shape to' prevent arching of the ore and reinforced at the top as at 34 and braced by steel rods The-bottom of each bay is so sheared as to cause it to engage evenly with the obliquely disposed metal plate 15). Near the base each bay is cut away to form a central opening for two doors 36. These lot) doors are pivoted to longitudinally extendinn supports 37 above the door opening parallel with the edge of the plate 19 and suitably fiXed to the sheet steel of the bay. In a preferred form the steel bay front is so shaped as to inclose this frame on the top and sides to form a doorway of substantially rectangular cross section. Centrally located in the door openings, and between the inner edges 38 of the doors, are vertical steel partitions which comprise vertical channel irons 3!) having their lower ends resting on the plates iii and their upper ends bent toccther as at 40, and suitably fixed to the steel bay front. These channel irons 39 are webbed with concrete and the inner one of the same and the concrete are incloscd in suitable sheet steel casings consisting of vertically tapered steel plates 4.0 whose inner edges are bent together as at 41 to form a wedge. and whose lower ends are cut off obliquely to allow an even engagement with the upper surface of the plates 1!). lly such an improved construction I find that the material is quickly and readily discharged and that due to the wedgeshaped partitions the pocket is very thoroughly cleared.

In a preferred form each of the doors 36 is locked by two oppositely extending sliding bars 42 carried on the door and pivoted to a pivoted manually operable handle 43 also carried by the door. The free ends of these bars 42 engage in slots in the outer channel 39 and the door frame and are moved to and from their engaging position by a longitudinal movement of the handle til. In order to raise the doors after the same have been unlocked by the removal of the bars 4-2 from the slots in the framv. I provide a cable or rope 44 fixed at to the handle 43. and extending vertically upward to a. pulley all suspended from a platform l? which runs along the sides of the dock abovr the doors. From the pulley 46 the rope or cable 4 passes through a guide sheave or Willie] 48 located at the side of the dock to a drum 49 located beneath the guide ,-ll\;ll't ,9 and adapted to be operated manually by a 7 indie 50 or by any other suitable 31m ns. I1, is obvious that any desired source of pmver only be utilized for raising the doors. In order to allow the workmen to mm c along the dork near the door lm'ating apparatus. I have pr vided platforms 54) mounted upon suitable supports carried by th clock stria'ture. and extending between urb set of doors.

A. sheet. steel chute is pivoted at 51 on pimt pins suppm'twl in transversely extending; civic plates 32 on each side of each bay. The bed of the hute is formed of a sheet lecl plate or plat s 52:3 reinforced at suitable intervals by transversely disposed steel ribs The bed of the chute unifw-uly tapered. longitudinally. and the ram-as of curvature of the bottom decreases toward the mouth of the chute. Carried upon the bottom of the chute is a slightly longer, narrow, tapered liner plate 55 which conforms to the curvature of the chute bottom, and is riveted to the same. Near the chute pivot 51 the steel plate constituting the bottom of the chute is of more nearly rectangular cross section as shown in Fig. 9, and is re inforced on each side by vertical outside steel plates 56, and also by two smaller pin plates 57 on each side. The pin plates serve to reinforce the chute around the pivot pin. In a preferred form an oval perforation 58 is cut in the three plates for the pivot pin. The edges of the plate or plates are reinforced by longitudinally extending angle irons 59 fixed to the inside of the same. Near the pivot, outer downwardly extending reinforcing angle irons 59 are fixed t0 the outside plates 56. The bottom is reinforced by longitudinally extending: angle irons 60. In a preferred form the chute bed plate 53 is made up of sections which are riveted together on certain of the reinforcing ribs In a preferred form the ends of a plurality of the ribs 54 are bolted to other reinforcin angle irons G1 which pass over the top 0 the chute. I have provided reinforced triangular shaped plates ()2 on opposite sides of the chute and near the outer end of the same. These plates are perforated as at 63 to receive the ends of the chute hoisting cable. These plates are fixed to the bed plate and to the last of the reinforcing ribs 54. and are reinforced by longitudinally extending plates 4 bent over the angle irons 59 and fixed to the same.

\Vhen it is desired to load a dock of the type shoun in the :urcompanying drawings, cars containing the material are run out upon the racks 25 and are dumped when they are aboie the pockets which it is desired to fill. While the pockets are being filled the doors 3.. are of course closed and locked by the bars l2. 'hemhowever, it is desired to discharge the material from the pockets. the chute is suitably lowered so as to enable it to discharge into the hold of the vessel. Then the locking bars 4:2 on one of the doors are removed from the slots of the door frame by moving the handle 43 in a longitudinal direction, and the door is raised by winding the cable or rope 44 on the drum 49 through means of the handle 5!). Due to the att action of gravity the ore in the pockets then slides down the slanting floor 3) ol' the pocket through the door to the chute. and through the chute to the hold of,the vessel. \Vlurn the material from one side of the pocket has passed through the door. the other door is raised and on account of the slanting door of the pocket and wedge shaped door structure no material may remain in the pocket, but the entire pocket is thoroughly and quickly cleared of the ore. It is, of course, obvious that both doors may be raised simultaneously, if desired. lVhile the material passesthrough the chute it is confined within the limits of the chute by the improved construction of the same and is so directed in its travel as to move at the most desirable rate without any congestion whatsoever.

By my improved construction I have produced a dock structure which is capable of withstanding all of the stresses to which such a structure may be subjected in service and which may be constructed much more quickly and cheaply than any of those dock structures with which I am acquainted. Further, by the provision of my improved door and pocket construction and the improved construction of the chute. I have provided a dock which is capable of discharging its entire load within the minimum time and with the greatest facility.

I have in this application for purposes of illustration described one form which my invention may assume in practice. It is obvious however that my invention may assume various other forms and be used in various other relations. and I accordingly do not co sider myself in any way limited to this speci hc construction herein described.

lVhat I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is as follows:

1. In a dock, a superstructure including a structural steel frame filled and incased 4 with concrete, a series of pocket floors of inverted V shaped cross section carried by the frame, and steel and concrete pocket walls supported by the frame.

2. In a dock structure, a steel and concrete pocket structure having slanting floors of ail/inverted V shaped cross section and bays for the pockets having sheet steel fronts. 4

3. In a dock structure, a superstructure including a series of structural steel columns reinforced both longitudinally and transversely, a slanting pocket ,floor connecting the longitudinally adjacent columns, diaphragm walls between the pockets and curved steel bays for the pockets.

4. A dock structure including a series of structural steel and concrete columns,- structural steel and concrete struts reinforcing the same, steel and concrete pocket floors of an inverted V shaped cross section bridging the space between said columns, and steel and concrete walls for said pockets.

5. A dock structure including a series of structural steel and concrete columns, a concrete web between the same, structural steel and concrete struts reinforcing the columns, a steel and concrete pocket floor carried by the columns, steel and concrete diaphragm walls for the pockets, and steel bays for the pockets.

6. In a dock, a superstructure including transverse pocket walls, slanting pocket floors, and steel bays for the pockets, said bays being provided with centrally disposed wedge shaped partitions and pivoted doors on each side of said partitions.

7. In an ore dock, a bin having a curved front wall adapted to reduce arching of ore therein.

8. In an ore dock, a bin having an outlet in the lower portion and a front wall curved in a horizontal plane and adapted to reduce arching of ore therein.

' 9. In an orc dock, a bin having an outlet near its lower portion, a pair of substantially flat side walls and a front wall secured to said side walls and halving a curved inner surface. whereby arching of ore in said bin is reduced.

10. In an ore dock a bin having a pair of substantially parallel flat side walls, a floor sloping downwardly toward the frontof said bin and an outwardly curved front Wall connected to said side walls, said bin having an outlet near its lower portion, whereby arching of ore in said bin is reduced.

11. In an ore dock, a bin having an outlet in the lower portion thereof, a front wall curved in a horizontal plane to inclose said bin and prevent the arching of ore packed therein, a. chute in connection with said bin front and adapted to receive ore from the outlet thereof, a platform mounted on said bin front and extending over said chute and a hoisting device mounted on said platform and adapted to elevate said chute.

12. A steel and concrete dock structure provided with a framework supporting inclincd floors forming the bottom of pockets for ore or the like, walls projecting above said floors forming the sides of said pockets and front walls for said pockets having curved inner surfaces to prevent arching of the ore. v

In witness whereof, I have hereunto subscribed my name in the presence of two witnesses.

JOHN F. JACKSON.

Witnesses L. G. FUIIRMANN, EDWARD F. BARKOW. 

